DBQ. AGH.

By 1870, Europeans began to have more free time in their day-to-day schedule. Due to people in society having more free time they started grouping together and participating in organized sports. Between the 19th and 20th centuries organized sports initiated multiple opinions from Europeans, they saw sports as creating a symbol of nationalism, as a way to stay healthy, and a means to still degrade women in certain ways.

Organized sports created a feeling of nationalism with the people of each country, sports allowed the nation to come together as a whole and truly work together. In document 1, Miroslav Tyrs a cofounder of the Czech National Gymnastics Organization, cemented the idea of nationalism within sports. He compared the sport teams to creating a new race, a superior race, he talked about morphing Slavs into docile yet bold creatures that could set up an impenetrable defense and shatter their enemies. Not only is this an extreme surge of nationalism, however it is also wrapped around the idea of social Darwinism with the idea of creating a superior race. In document 4 an African delegate of a British colony gave a speech to the African Political Association. In it, he stated how in rugby players have to come together as one inseparable whole, with perfect union. They must achieve this to more forward and work together in order to do well in the game. This unit coming together shows how the team came together to form one, which is in a way resembles nationalism. The team comes together as one so that no other force can break it apart; the coming together in rugby is like the nation of the team, coming together. In Document 5, Martin Berner, a Berlin journalist, demonstrated perfectly the view of nationalism being a part of sports. He describes how the Olympics games are essentially a “war.” Many of the participants offer years of their lives for training in order to consume a victory for their fatherland. However, it has to be questioned whether or not Berner had traveled the world and seen such training going on, it is possible that athletes in Berlin were only this dedicated and he was simply basing his opinion off of what he had seen in his own country. In Document 9, a Japanese traveler explained his travels in Denmark from a high school gymnastics exhibition. He stated that when the gymnasts were done with their set they gathered into a circle and bore the Danish flag before them. This shows how close the gymnasts were to their country. They were not required to propagandize their country in their own high school in Denmark; however, they did it because as a team together they believed that they were representing the country, and so they visualized that union with the flag. Finally, in Document 6 there is a World War I recruitment poster. It has an army man with the British flag behind him and smaller images of many men performing different types of sports. There are the words “The Game of War. Join Together, Train Together, Embark Together, Fight Together. Enlist in the Sportsmen’s 1000. Play up, Play up & Play the Game” This poster brings the idea of fighting for your country and sports together, it says that fighting for your country is essentially a sport. The poster gives the viewer a sense of “if you play the game and help your country win the war, you are the ultimate sportsman.” The creator of the poster more than likely made the poster so up beat and sports related because they believed the war would “be over by Christmas”, therefore it would not entirely be a battlefield, but more like a sports field.

Feminism

Sources:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Women%27s_suffrage_in_the_United_Kingdom
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emmeline_Pankhurst
http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/mod/1914Pankhurst.html
http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/mod/jsmill-women.html
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Women%27s_Social_and_Political_Union
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Women%27s_suffrage#United_Kingdom
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suffragette


Women’s Suffrage was the reform movement in which the main purpose and goal was to guarantee women the right to vote.

Great Britain
° Women’s right to vote formally taken away: 1832 Reform Act and the 1835 Municipal Corporations Act
° People and Groups that wanted to women to gain the right to vote:
- Chartist Movement

- John Stuart Mill

- Leigh Smith Bodichon

° Emmeline Pankhurst
- Was one of the founders of the Women’s Social and Political Union.
- Her tactics to gain attention towards the movement for suffrage included hunger strikes, protests, and writings.
- She originally had founded a league known as the Women’s Franchise League, however when her husband died she was unable to continue on with it.
- Her daughters were also very passionate with the cause of women’s suffrage
- After World War I broke out her efforts of gaining women the right to vote were dropped momentarily and she instead urged women to take over men’s jobs.
- After World War I, Emmeline went on a tour of the USA and Canada, upon her return, she lost her passion for socialist beliefs, and in 1925 she joined the Conservative Party.

° Women’s Social and Political Union
- was founded on October 10th, 1903
- Was the leading militant group that was fighting for women’s suffrage.
- first group whose members were called “suffragists”
- the leaders of the organization were Emmeline and Christabel Pankhurst
- believed that women’s suffrage was imperative for sexual equality.
- their slogan was “Deeds, not words” to show their militant stance.
- They held public meetings, protests, wrote letters to politicians, created reform bills, and published texts.


° The Right to Vote
- 1918 - Parliament gives women over the age of 30 the right to vote
- 1928 - with the Representation of the People Act 1928, women were finally granted the right to vote on the same terms as men (21 and over)

Elizabeth

is the greatest bff evar!

And she has the hiccups

:D

Question #3: Is the US truly NATIONALISTIC these days?

According to the Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, nationalism is “the attitude that the members of a nation have when they care about their national identity.”
I believe that the United States is nationalistic in the face of emergency, only. We have the ability to go out in the streets and revel about how amazing our country is at any point of the day, year, or time period. However, the one time that you saw this form of expression truly explode, was of course, after 9/11.
I definitely have to agree with Maineng, Americans have just seemed to have experienced a burst of nationalism; the burst, though, faded away not long after 9/11. After a while, people removed their bumper stickers, and took the flags down from the front of their house. It was almost as if most people were just “Poser Nationalists.” A majority of those people never once went “hoorah!” over the country they live, but give the nation a chaotic element and suddenly we were all so proud of our country. Within a year or two though, it was like it never happened. The nation, in a way, lost their nationalism, and resumed life back on their computers and 9-5 jobs. Now alls people talk about when it comes to the country is “BRING THE TROOPS HOME!”
I lived about 20 minutes away from Washington DC, and after the 9/11 attacks, it was insane the amount of nationalism that surged. There were suddenly people wearing red, white, and blue garb, hanging flags from every crevice they could find, and cluttering their cars with stickers, decals, and paint jobs that were unimaginable. There were protests against terror, new groups created for people to talk about how much they “love their nation”, parades, and tons of other things people did to show their nationalism. Truly, I think this “nationalism” was sparked solely by fear. I’m sure a lot of people felt that if the “terrorist countries” saw how “unified” we were, then they would know we weren’t giving up. Now that this fear is basically gone, we no longer “hold hands with our brothers of the land.”
On a smaller scale, just to prove that nationalism occurs in the face of an emergency, something similar occurred when I lived in LaPlata, Maryland. On April 28, 2002, a twin-tunnel F5 (it was an F5 when hitting Charles County and eventually decreased to around an F3 for the remainder of its trek) tornado hit Southern Maryland. It was the worst tornado in a loooong time. There were baseball sized hail, and trees literally everywhere. Almost 1000 homes and around 200 businesses were destroyed. After the tornado, people put bumper stickers on their car that said things like “This will NOT keep us down. LaPlata WILL rebuild.” There were suddenly people helping clean up the town, there were farmers markets to raise money to help with the devastation, there were shirts, the county flags, stickers. You name it, it was there. The community was now set on working together to rebuild. People took bricks from demolished buildings and put them on display stating that “we will not be destroyed.” Before the tornado though, there was never really anyone helping each other out. LaPlata people aren’t very nice, haha. Due to a state of emergency however, the city worked together and acted as one. .. You can pretty much guess the same basic thing happened like with 9/11. No more flags, no more stickers, no more shirts. It’s back to looking out for yourself, and not really caring how your neighbor’s doing.
The United States, is, in a way, divided by our diversity, but it’s also the thing that brings us together. Our country has the ability to work together even when our culture and races are so different; however, those cultures blend together to create our nation. Once 9/11 happened all of these cultures worked together to clean up rubble in New York. We were, for a moment in time, truly brothers standing together free in our country. All thanks to a terrorist event. Personally, I find it kind of sad that the only time the United States has the “united we stand, divided we fall” attitude. When our country was attacked everyone worked together, because if we stood together as one, they couldn’t tear us down.
The German States remind me a lot of the United States. The German Confederation had lots of different dialects and cultures. But they all knew that they wanted freedom. The states worked together, and eventually became one.

Oh yeah, I don’t really know where to fit this in. But does anyone else find it humorous that after 9/11’s little surge of nationalism, before the nationalism dying out, we had that small period of time where a lot of the country was unified in saying “George Bush was in on it”?
So it basically went.

Our country gets attacked.
We freak out and “stand together as one”
The terrorism meter drops to yellow.
We blame Georgey Porgey.
No one really cares anymore.


Yay America!
Now if that’s true nationalism.

Then nationalism pretty much sucks!


“It isn't enough to talk about peace. One must believe it. And it isn't enough to believe in it. One must work at it.”
-- Eleanor Roosevelt.

And the US, I have to say, pretty much isn't working at it.